Treaty of Canton

Treaty of Canton
Treaty of Peace, Amity, and Commerce between the King of Sweden and Norway and the Empire of China
Type	Bilateral
Signed	March 20, 1847
Effective	October 28, 1847
Parties	China and Sweden-Norway
Languages	Swedish and Chinese
Full text at Wikisource
	sv:Fördraget i Kanton; zh:中瑞挪廣州和約貿易章程;

The Treaty of Canton (Chinese: 中瑞廣州條約, Swedish: Fördraget i Kanton) was the first unequal treaty between Sweden-Norway and the Chinese Empire.^[1] The treaty was negotiated in March 1847 by Carl Fredrik Liljevalch and Qiying, the Viceroy of Liangguang,^[2] and was one of the unequal treaties between Western powers and China that followed the First Opium War.

The treaty was actually never ratified by Chinese representatives, which cast a shadow over the legality of the outcome, but nevertheless went into effect, lasting the following 60 years.^[3]

^ Liljevalch, Carl Fredrik. (1848). Chinas handel: industri och Statsforfattning, p. 22., p. 22, at Google Books
^ Hofbert, Herman et al. (1906). "Liljewalch, Carl Fredrik" Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon, Vol. II, p. 55; retrieved 2011-07-15
^ Cassel, Pär. Traktaten som aldrig var och fördraget som nästan inte blev - De svensk-norsk–kinesiska förbindelserna 1847–1909*

[1] Liljevalch, Carl Fredrik. (1848). Chinas handel: industri och Statsforfattning, p. 22., p. 22, at Google Books

[2] Hofbert, Herman et al. (1906). "Liljewalch, Carl Fredrik" Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon, Vol. II, p. 55; retrieved 2011-07-15

[3] Cassel, Pär. Traktaten som aldrig var och fördraget som nästan inte blev - De svensk-norsk–kinesiska förbindelserna 1847–1909*

[1]

[2]

[3]